Inflammation of the appendages

Inflammation of the uterine appendages (adnexitis, salpingo-oophoritis) is a condition of the female reproductive system characterized by acute or chronic inflammation of the ovaries and fallopian tubes. Adnexitis is one of the most common gynecological conditions.

Causes

Inflammatory processes: acute and chronic endometritis (chlamydial infection, gonorrhea, tuberculosis, viral infection of the endometrium);

Insertion of an intrauterine contraceptive device (IUD);

Traumatic intrauterine procedures (abortions, dilation and curettage of the uterine cavity).

Symptoms

Pelvic and lower abdominal pain of varying intensity, accompanied by an increase in body temperature;

Vaginal discharge of an unusual color and with an unpleasant odor;

Deterioration in general well-being;

Infertility.

Diagnosis

The diagnosis is based on the patient’s symptoms and the results of clinical and instrumental examinations. Ultrasound is one of the most accessible and reliable diagnostic methods, allowing the physician to clearly assess the shape, size, and structure of the ovaries, as well as their relationship with adjacent organs.

Treatment

Antibiotics play a central role in treatment. If symptoms of systemic intoxication are present, infusion and detoxification therapy may be administered, along with nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs). These treatments are also indicated for exacerbations of chronic adnexitis.

Physiotherapy, ultrasound therapy, and other physical therapy methods are widely used in the treatment of chronic adnexitis.