Bacterial vaginosis Shymkent

Bacterial vaginosis

Bacterial vaginosis (also known as gardnerellosis, anaerobic vaginosis, nonspecific bacterial vaginitis, or gardnerellosis vaginitis) is a condition marked by an imbalance in the vaginal microflora, resulting in profuse vaginal discharge with an unpleasant odor. The prevalence of bacterial vaginosis ranges from 15% to 80% among women.

Reasons

Predisposing factors include hormonal disorders in the body, extensive use of antibiotics, non-adherence to personal hygiene practices, engaging in a promiscuous sex life, and intestinal dysbiosis. These factors contribute to a shift in the balance between “beneficial” and conditionally pathogenic bacteria.

Symptoms

The primary complaints include discharge with a strong, unpleasant odor resembling “rotten fish” (90%), itching, and a burning sensation in the genital area (30%), as well as pain during sexual intercourse (23%). A gynecological examination typically reveals copious whitish vaginal discharge with an unpleasant odor. The mucous membrane of the vagina is often observed to be reddened.

Diagnostic

Diagnostic methods for bacterial vaginosis include:

• Determination of the pH of the vaginal contents.
• Microscopic examination of vaginal smears (with a focus on detecting key cells).
• Colposcopy.

Differential diagnosis may involve distinguishing bacterial vaginosis from other conditions such as mycosis, trichomoniasis, nonspecific vaginitis, and gonorrhea.

Treatment

Treatment options for bacterial vaginosis may include:

1. Local antibacterial therapy in the form of antibacterial suppositories.
2. Hormone therapy as per indications.
3. Antihistamines and local anesthetics.
4. Bacterial biological preparations aimed at restoring the vaginal biocenosis.

Treatment is prescribed only after confirmation of the diagnosis by a gynecologist.