Male menopause
Male menopause (andropause) is a physiological process associated with age-related changes in metabolism and hormonal balance, as well as a gradual decline in the function of the male sex glands. These changes commonly begin between the ages of 45 and 55. In more than 70% of men, the process may occur without significant signs or symptoms.
The primary factor associated with male menopause is aging and age-related changes in the hypothalamic-pituitary system, which plays an important role in regulating endocrine function. Changes in the production of hormones involved in the male reproductive system may lead to a gradual decline in testicular function and reduced testosterone levels. Testosterone plays an important role in male reproductive and sexual function, metabolism, and the central nervous system.
The onset and severity of age-related hormonal changes may depend on a man’s lifestyle, general health, sexual activity, and psycho-emotional state. Smoking, alcohol consumption, excessive fatigue, and physical inactivity may contribute to more pronounced symptoms.
Symptoms of Male Menopause
Hormonal and age-related changes in the body may affect a man’s general well-being and may manifest as:
Dizziness and severe headaches;
Depression, apathy, irritability, and fatigue;
Feelings of fear and anxiety;
Increased sweating;
Insomnia;
Hot flashes;
Pain or discomfort in the heart area;
Arrhythmia and tachycardia;
Changes in body composition and appearance.
Some symptoms may become more pronounced during physical exertion or periods of significant emotional stress.
Changes in sexual function may develop gradually. Even when erectile function remains normal, the following symptoms may occur:
Shorter duration of sexual intercourse;
Premature ejaculation;
Changes or reduction in orgasmic sensation, sometimes progressing to its complete absence;
Changes in semen volume and sperm count.
Causes and Contributing Factors
Natural age-related changes;
Inflammatory and infectious diseases;
Benign and malignant tumors;
Changes in blood flow to the testicles;
Smoking and alcohol consumption.